Water Treatment Plant: Process Description
Dual Media Filter (DMF) :
A Dual Media Filter is primarily used for the removal of turbidity and suspended solids as low as 10-20 microns. Dual Media Filter provide very efficient particle removal under the conditions of a high filtration rate. Also, it helps to remove odor and color from water. Inside a Dual Media Filter, is a layered bed of filter media.
DMF consists of a composite pressure vessel with frontal piping and manual valves, a top distribution assembly to distribute the Incoming Water uniformly throughout the cross section of the filter & bottom collector assembly to collect Filtered Water. Different layers of Sands are used as the filter media. Under bed supporting media (gravels and pebbles) shall be provided to support the Bottom distribution assembly & Media. Periodically cleaning of DMF is done by backwashing. The backwash of DMF will take place when the differential pressure across bed increases to 5 kg/cm2 (g). Water is introduced in the reverse direction of the service flow that is from the outlet nozzle upward causing suspension of the turbid material in the filter bed & finally flushing out through the backwash valve.
Water Softener :
DMF treated water is then feed to the Water Softener to remove the hardness.
Hard water contains an excessive amount of Calcium & Magnesium ions, are removed by adding lime (CaO), and sometimes Soda Ash (Na2CO3) (Optional) to precipitate them as Carbonate, Hydroxides & Oxides.
2 Comments
Wow, this article gave me a great insight into water treatment plants! I never realized the complexity and importance of the processes involved. It would be interesting to know more about the environmental impact and sustainability practices in modern water treatment.
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